Hello every one, In this article we will discus Abamectin Insecticide and its important factors such as its chemical composition, Trade name, Mode of Action or mechanism, recommendation against which insect it work, and special precautions for spraying it.
Abamectin is a systemic insecticide that belongs to the neonicotinoid class. It damage the nervous system of Insect, Which may result in paralysis and death. This insecticide is majorly used in the agriculture sector to protect the crop.
Also read- Sulphur insecticide
Chemical composition of Abamectin Insecticide
Abamectin is an organophosphate insecticide. Full detail are given below.
- Chemical formula- C48H74O14.
- Molecule weight- Approximately 875.1 g/mol.
- Chemical Name- (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-12,15-Dihydroxy-2-[(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyloctyl]sulfanyl-6,9,12,15-tetramethyl-17-(1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl)-8-oxabicyclo[9.3.1]hexadecane-2-one
- common Name- Abamectin
(i) Chemical Element –
- Carbon- 48 Atom
- Hydrogen- 74 Atom
- Oxygen- 14 Atom
Abamectin formulation
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Wettable Powders (WP)-
It is powder form Which is dissolved in water to form a suspension for spraying. Then we spray it in our field, It is used for many pest in many crops. Ex- Abamectin Wettable Powders (WP)
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Granules (G) –
It is in solid form, we sprinkle it on our field applied it directly. We use it for soil treatment in garden or lawns. Ex- Abamectin Granules
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Suspension concentrates-
It is a very thick liquid which has to be diluted by adding water before spraying so that it can be sprayed. Ex- Vertimec SC
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Emulsifiable Concentrate-
It is emulsified organic compound which is made into emulsion by dissolving in the water and is sprayed in large field.. Ex- Avid EC
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Soluble concentrate
It is liquid and it dissolve in the water. It is sprayed on the leaves or root of the plant. Ex- Abamectin SC.
Most popular trade name of Abamectin available in market
- Avid-
- Vertimac-
- Evimectin-
- Abamectin 1.8EC-
- Mectin-
What pests does abamectin target?
They affect the following Pests.
(1) Agriculture Insect
- Thrips – Western flower Thrips, onion Thrips, Green house thrips
- White flies – Green house whiteflies, Silverleaf whitefly, sweet potato whitefly, citrus whitefly,
- Leaf miners – Tomato leaf miners, citrus leaf miners, American serpentine leaf miners
- Scale Insect – San jose Scale, Cottony cushion scale, soft scale, Armored Scale
- Mealybug – Citrus mealybug insect, Long tailed mealybug, obscure mealybug.
- Aphid – Green Peach Aphid, Cotton Aphid, Melon Aphid,
- Plant bugs- Lygus bug,
(2) Mites –
- Spider Mites ( Two spotted spider mites, Red spider mites, Banks Grass Mites,)
- Broad mites
- Russet Mites
- Yellow Mites
- Cyclamen mites
Application Method of Abamectin
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Foliar spray Application
In this, we first dilute it by adding water as per it recommended dose, after that we spray if evenly on the leaves of the plant in our field. We should follow the instruction by the manufacturer before apply Abamectin.
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Granular Application
In this, Abamectin is use in the form of granule and after sprinkle it in the field, we mix it with agriculture equipment. In some causes we apply abamectin in our field drip irrigation.
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Drench Application
Abamectin is added to the soil to plant to control soil dwelling insect. keep some thing in our mind While using abamectin insecticide.
- Dilute abamectin by adding water as the given manufacture level.
- Avoid using abamectin in cause of bad weather.
- Abamectin should be used only when insect infestation is seen the soil of the field.
- In drench method, they should be sufficient amount of moisture in the fields so that abamectin can easily spread in the soil.
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Injection
We use abamectin is seen in some ornamental and fruit plants. we inject abamectin into the plant at the trough of injection to control the paste infestation. keep some thing in our mind While using abamectin insecticide.
- Dilute abamectin by adding water as the given manufacture level.
- We should use proper type of equipment in injection method. Ex- tree Injector
- Before using the injection, make sure that the needle should be clean and free of virous.
- Insert the needle into the area of infection while following make some angle so that it penetrates the vascular tissue and inject the solution.
- Avoid using abamectin in cause of bad weather.
- We must keep person safety in our mind.
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Aerial Application
Abamectin is sprayed in the large areas by using airplane or Drone keep some thing in our mind While using abamectin insecticide for aerial application.
- We should read the dosage, precaution, instruction etc. given by the manufacturer.
- Before spraying through this method, it is necessary to obtain a permit so that no one get harm.
- We should spray keeping the weather in our mind. We should pay special attention to the fact that it does not rain within 2-4 hours on the day of spraying.
- While spraying, care should be taken to spray evenly.
Mode of action or How to Effect insect
Abamectin binds to glutamate-gated chloride channels, this channel is found in the nervous system which affect nervous impulse, which causes the insect to interfere in daily activities, which cause the insect to tremble, cramp which cause the insect become paralyzed and they are die.
What is abamectin use for ?
Abamectin is use in agriculture on a very large scale, With the help of abamectin insecticide, we effectiveness many insects and it uses in many crop which is given bellow.
(1) Pest Control
(a) Effect on Mites-
It gives maximum effect to vegetable and ornamental plant, various species of mites can be control by spraying abamectin insecticide. Ex- Spider mites, leaf miners etc.
(b) Effect on Insects-
Due to Abamectin effect the nervous system of the insect in the plant get damage due to which the insect loose their life. some insect is given bellow-
- Thrips- They mainly effects, vegetable fruits and ornamental plants. Abamectin is used for it control.
- Aphides- It is a sucking insect, it spread plant diseases to another crop disease.
- White flies-It is a sucking insect, it spread plant diseases to another crop disease. it effect many crops .
- Certain Beetles- It is also famous for spreading disease directly and indirectly.
(2) Target crop
- Vegetable- Tomato, Carrot, cucumbers, peppers etc.
- Fruits- Apple Grapes Citrus, Strawberry etc.
- Ornamental plants- Flower and Ornamental etc.
- Some field crops- Cotton, Soybean etc.
(3) Application methods
- Foliar Spray
- Soil Drench
- Injection
(4) Systemic Action
When we spray abamectin insecticide, it seem that abamectin is absorbed by the plants, hence it has the effect of giving more moisture to the plants, Which provide protection form insects.
Specific dose for Abamectin insecticide
(1) Foliar Application
- Formulation- 1.8% EC (emulsifiable Concentrate) and 1.5 % SC (Suspension concentrate)
- Dose- 0.6- 1.2 Liters par hectare
- Plant growth start in 7-14 day after application.
(2) Soil Drench Application
- About 30-60 ml abamectin added of 380 liter of water.
- The dose of abamectin also depended on the size of plants .
- Abamectin is applied at the rate of 15-30 ml per plants.
(3) Injection
- For the plant with a dimeter of 1 inches, 1-2 ml of abamectin used (10 dimeter of plant, 10-20 ml of abamectin used).
- After applying abamectin, plant will feel healthy.
(4) Aerial Application
- By this ,method, 0.6 to 1.2 Liter per Hectare use.
- It should do this in a clean environment.
Personal safety of abamectin insecticide
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Read label-
We should carefully read the guidance written on the packet of Abamectin insecticide. This guidance is written by its manufacturer.
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Leave Area-
We should should leave area for 24-48 hours after applying Abamectin Insecticides.
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Wear protective clothes
We should wear safety clothes for our personal safety ex- Protective clothe, goggles, gloves, protective footwear, long pant and mask etc.
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Store properly
We should keep the insecticide at a safe place where no animal or children can reach and it use in a well banded bag where no air can enter. When air gets inside the Abamectin insecticide, it may spoil.
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First Aid
We should know first aid before the any incident occurs to Abamectin insecticide.
Ex-
(i) Inhalation
After applying insecticide we should go to fresh air. other wise you may feet suffocation.
(ii) Avoid Skin Contact
After applying, we should wash our hands and feet thoroughly with soap and water.
(iii) Avoid Eye contact
After applying, we should wash our eye thoroughly with water for about 15 minutes,